In a new roadmap published on Sept. 7, the Ethereum Foundation’s Protocol Cluster said it is targeting a fully quantum-resistant Ethereum layer 1 by December 2029.
The goal covers all three major parts of Ethereum’s base layer: execution, consensus, and data.
The Foundation is preparing for the possibility that sufficiently powerful quantum computers could appear as early as 2030. However, at this point, it seems to be more likely that such a breakthrough will occur further into the future.
Ethereum developers do not want to wait until the threat becomes imminent.
"Q-day cannot be scheduled, so we have assigned ourselves a self-imposed deadline," the Protocol Cluster said.
The December 2029 target will remain effectively non-negotiable until at least January 2027 (when the Foundation plans to reassess developments).
Why quantum computers matter
A sufficiently advanced quantum computer could theoretically break some of the cryptographic schemes that blockchains currently rely on.
The Foundation is now trying to replace vulnerable systems well before such machines become practical.
Its roadmap includes post-quantum signature schemes and changes across Ethereum’s transaction, consensus and data-availability systems.
Ethereum’s upcoming Glamsterdam upgrade is currently targeted for December 2026. Under one version of the roadmap, full post-quantum readiness would arrive five hard forks later.
Another path would bring Ethereum to the minimum viable quantum-resistant milestone at a slower 12-month cadence.
The quantum-resistance roadmap comes as Ethereum developers begin determining the scope of Hegotá, the upgrade expected to follow Glamsterdam.
The Foundation views Hegotá as an important prerequisite for reaching quantum-resistance.
